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Madeline La Framboise (1780–1846), born Marguerite-Magdelaine Marcot,〔David A. Armour, “MARCOT, MARGUERITE-MAGDELAINE,” in ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography,'' vol. 7, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed September 11, 2014, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/marcot_marguerite_magdelaine_7E.html.〕 was one of the most successful fur traders in the Northwest Territory of the United States, in the area of present-day western Michigan. Of mixed Odawa and French descent, she was fluent in the Odawa, French, English and Ojibwe languages, and partnered with her husband. After he was murdered, she managed the fur trade successfully for more than a decade. She retired from the trade, building a fine home on Mackinac Island. As one of the most prominent early businesswomen of Michigan, she was elected in 1984 to the state's Women's Hall of Fame. La Framboise became active in founding a school on Mackinac Island for Native American children, and supporting a Sunday School and other activities at Sainte Anne Church. She donated land for a new site for the church, and was buried beneath its altar. == Early life == She was born Marguerite-Magdelaine Marcot in February 1781 at Fort St. Joseph, near present-day Niles, Michigan.〔(David A. Armour, "Marcot, Marguerite-Magdelaine" ), ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography'', accessed 12 September 2014〕 She was the youngest of seven children of Jean Baptiste Marcot (1720–1783), a French fur trader.〔(John E. McDowell, “Therese Schindler of Mackinac: Upward Mobility in the Great Lakes Fur Trade” ), ''Wis. Magazine of Hist.'' (Madison), 61, No. 2 Winter (1977–78): 125–43, , accessed 12 September 2014〕 Her mother was Marie Nekesh (c.1740 - c.1790), an Odawa woman also known as Marianne or Marie Amighissen.〔 Her maternal grandfather was Chief Kewinoquot.〔(Maggie McLean, "Madeline La Framboise" ), History of American Women, 13 January 2013, accessed 12 September 2014〕 The children's father was killed in 1783. Therese and Magdelaine, the two youngest children, were baptized as Roman Catholic a few years later on August 1, 1786, on Mackinac Island. When their father was alive, he sent the children to Montreal to be educated, but their mother did not have the financial resources to do that. She moved to Mackinac with Madeline and her sisters after the British abandoned Fort St. Joseph, ceding the area to the United States.〔 Her mother raised the younger daughters in a Lac Courtes Oreilles village at the mouth of the Grand River. (This has been a federally recognized tribe since 1854.) This area was later developed by European Americans as Grand Haven, Michigan.〔J. E. McDowell, “Madame La Framboise,” ''Mich. Hist.'' (Lansing), 56 (1972): 271–86〕 Therese and Madeline both became fluent in four languages: Ottawa, French, English and Chippewa (Ojibwe).〔 In later years, Magdelaine's older sisters Therese and Catherine Marcot also became active in the fur trade, taking over from their husbands, George Schindler and Jean Baptiste Cadotte, respectively. Although neither became as successful as Magdelaine, they made good lives for themselves and descendants. Also fluent in several languages, they were also aided by their ties among the Odawa and familiarity with Native American culture.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Magdelaine Laframboise」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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